This post is all about the 12 apostles and their characteristics
I’ve spent the last few weeks writing this post, and I’m so happy to share all about the 12 apostles and their characteristics.
I realized that in as much as the 12 disciples of Jesus were some of his most devoted followers, they were also human! I giggled and laughed as I gathered a few quotations for some of the disciples.
In this blog post, I will explore the following:
- 12 apostles’ names and their meanings
- 12 apostles and their characteristics i.e. fiery, loyal, analytical etc.
- Bonus (Matthias, the disciple who replaced Judas).
Psst! I’m so excited that you are reading this blog post!❤️
Ready? Let’s go!
Meaning of apostle
The term “apostle” and “disciple” are used interchangeably, but there is a true distinction between the two!
- An apostle is typically a leader who God or Jesus has sent out for the purpose of spreading the gospel.
- A disciple, on the other hand, is a follower of Jesus who learns from him and follows his teachings.
In short, every apostle is a disciple, BUT not every disciple carries the title of apostle! Yep-in Jesus’ time, there were thousands of disciples, but only a few rose to become the apostles we know today.
In this blog post I may use the two terms interchangeably but know that in this case, the apostles were also disciples.
Overview: Jesus calls the 12 disciples
The disciples had diverse backgrounds, occupations, and expertise that allowed them to aid Jesus in many ways.
They could relate to the people they encountered in Jesus’ ministry. Their work was based on service, love for God, and faithfulness toward Jesus.
Despite their faults and weaknesses, each disciple played a vital role in the early Christian Church.
Here is the chronological list of disciples per Matthew 10:2–4
- Simon Peter (Simon bar Jonah)
- Andrew (Peter’s brother)
- James (son of Zebedee/ John’s brother)
- John (James’s brother)
- Philip
- Bartholomew or Nathanael
- Thomas
- Matthew or Levi, son of Alphaeus
- James (son of Alphaeus)
- Thaddeus
- Simon the Zealot
- Judas Iscariot
- Matthias (Replaced Judas Iscariot after the Messiah left)
Why did Jesus call the 12 disciples?
Jesus chose these twelve disciples because he wanted them to take part in his mission. He wanted them to go out into the world and spread the Good News about his teachings and his kingdom.
Through their hard work and dedication, the 12 disciples helped spread Christianity throughout the world. Their stories continue to inspire millions of people today.
12 apostles names and their meanings
1. Simon Peter (Simon bar Jonah):
Simon’s name means “hearing” or “he has heard.”
The name Peter, which Jesus gave to him as a nickname, is derived from the Greek word petros, meaning “rock.”
2. Andrew:
Andrew’s name is derived from the Greek word andres, meaning “manly” or “brave.”
3. James (son of Zebedee):
James’ name comes from the same name, “Jacob.”
In Hebrew, Jacob is “Ya’aqov” which means supplanter, something that supersedes another.
4. John
This was James’ brother named “sons of thunder” by the Messiah.
John’s name comes from the Hebrew “Yohanan” and means “God is Gracious.”
5. Philip from the Bethsaida of Galilee
Philip’s name is derived from the Greek Philippos, which means “lover or friend of horses.”
6. Bartholomew or Nathanael
Bartholomew’s name is derived from the Aramaic bar-Talmay, which means “son of Talmai.”
He is also known as Nathanael in the Bible, meaning “God has given.”
7. Thomas:
Thomas’ name is derived from the Aramaic tama or Hebrew “ta’om,” which means twin.
8. Matthew or Levi, son of Alphaeus:
Matthew’s name comes from the Hebrew Mattiyahu, meaning “gift of Yahweh.”
Levi was his other name, meaning “joined” in Hebrew.
9. James (son of Alphaeus):
James’ name comes from the same name, “Jacob.”
As stated earlier, in Hebrew, Jacob is “Ya’aqov,” which means supplanter, something that supersedes another.
10. Thaddeus:
Thaddeus’ name is derived from the Aramaic thaddaya, which means “heart” while Hitchcock’s Bible Dictionary states it means “praises or confesses.”
11. Simon
Simon’s name means “hearing” or “he has heard.”
12. Judas Iscariot (The one who betrayed the Messiah)
Judas’ name is derived from the Hebrew Yehudah, which means “praise.”
Iscariot means “a person who betrays another,” a title that stuck with his name.
13. Matthias (Replaced Judas Iscariot after the Messiah left):
Matthias’ name comes from the Hebrew mattithyah, which means “gift of Yahweh.”
This name is very similar to “Matthew.”
Super Tip: For good research on names, the website “Ancient Hebrew” has an online database. This is a good add-on resource because it has Biblical historical references to each name. Check out Peter’s profile on that website…after you read this post…😂. Other than that, I use my KJV study Bible and Bible encyclopedias & dictionaries to piece everything together.
12 apostles and their characteristics
These characteristics are based on my research. I back everything with scripture and try to explain my thought process. I pray that the Holy Spirit guides you in all truth.
That being said, this will be a living blog post, I may add more details once more information is quickened to me.
So, who were the 12 disciples, and what were their jobs?
Well, here is a comprehensive list:
1. Simon Peter (Simon bar Jonah, Cephas)
He was previously known as Simon, the fisherman, and was called to become one of Jesus’s twelve disciples.
His name is mentioned more times than any other disciple, and he is often identified as the leader of the apostles due to his outspoken and assertive nature.
He was one of the disciples in Jesus’ core group.
Paul mentions Peter, James, and John (Jesus’ inner or core circle) as the pillars of the church… (see Galatians 2:6–9). This shows their instrumental role in spreading the gospel!
His characteristics were that of:
- Impulsive
- Outspoken
- Assertive
- Determined
- Courageous (esp. after Pentecost Acts 5:27-30)
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include his confession of Jesus as the Messiah (Matthew 16:16) and his denial of knowing him three times before the crucifixion (John 18:15-27). He also walked on water with Jesus (Matthew 14:29), resurrected a lady named Tabitha/Dorcas (Acts 9:36-43), and preached powerfully at Pentecost (Acts 2:14).
Peter’s ministries were primarily focused on the spreading of the gospel. He was sent out with John to preach about Jesus in Samaria (Acts 8:14), he encouraged other believers through his letters, which eventually became Biblical literature (1 Peter, 2 Peter), and he strengthened the church in Jerusalem (Galatians 1:18-19). He was also a great example of strength and courage when facing persecution.
P.S. Peter was believed to have been crucified upside down because he said he wasn’t worthy of being crucified like Jesus Christ. Friends- this man previously denied Jesus three times but later went full throttle to the end! I will talk about martyrdom in another blog post. Let me refrain from mentioning this in the rest of the article.
Peter’s legacy is one that stands out to this day. He will forever be remembered as one of Jesus’s most loyal followers and disciples.
2. Andrew (Peter’s brother)
He was initially a fisherman living in Galilee and was the first of Jesus’s disciples to follow him (John 1:40).
His characteristics were those of:
- Enthusiasm and willingness to help
- Generosity
- Kindness
- Passion
- Acceptance.
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include introducing his brother Peter to the Messiah (John 1:40-41) and bringing a boy with five loaves and two fishes to Jesus (John 6:8-11). He is known for his enthusiasm and willingness to help, introducing people to Christ and bringing them to him (John 12:22). His ministry focused on introducing people to the Messiah and helping them understand his teachings.
Andrew’s legacy is for sure one of generosity, acceptance, and enthusiasm! I find that his actions portrayed him to be a sweet individual.❤️He was always willing to help others understand Jesus and was a loyal follower of the Messiah until his death.
Let us be motivated by his enthusiasm for spreading the gospel.
3. James, the son of Zebedee (also known as the greater)
He and his brother were fisherman in Galilee. They left their father and followed Jesus (Matthew 4:21).
He was one of the disciples in Jesus’ core group.
Paul mentions Peter, James, and John (Jesus’ inner or core circle) as the pillars of the church… (see Galatians 2:6–9). This shows their instrumental role in spreading the gospel!
He was also the first disciple who became a martyr! (Acts 12:1-2)
His characteristics were those of
- Unwavering faith
- Impetuous (remember Jesus named the sons of Zebedee “sons of thunder” for a reason)
- Ambition
- Faithfulness
- Fiery (Luke 9:54)
- Loyal
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being present when Jesus raised Jairus’ daughter from the dead (Mark 5:35-43), being one of the three disciples that witnessed Jesus’ transfiguration (Matthew 17:1), and boldly proclaiming his faith in Jesus even when threatened with death (Acts 12:2).
James’ ministries were largely focused on spreading the gospel. He traveled throughout Galilee preaching about Jesus and encouraging others to accept him (Acts 15:13). He was also a great example of courage when facing persecution and martyrdom.
James’ legacy is also one of unwavering faith. His commitment to Christ no matter what, his willingness to travel throughout the region preaching about Jesus, and his boldness in the face of death all exemplify the strength and faithfulness needed to be a true follower of the Messiah.
The sons of thunder (James and John) were fiery and famously stated per Luke 9:54, “Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them?”
4. John (the son of Zebedee)
He was one of Jesus’ closest friends, often referred to as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”❤️(John 13:23).
He was one of the disciples in Jesus’ core group.
Paul mentions Peter, James, and John (Jesus’ inner or core circle) as the pillars of the church… (see Galatians 2:6–9). This shows their instrumental role in spreading the gospel!
His characteristics were those of:
- Love
- Loyalty
- Trust (in the Lord)
- Impetuous (remember Jesus named the sons of Zebedee “sons of thunder” for a reason)
- Fiery (Luke 9:54)
- Intimate (intimacy with God)
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being present when Jesus raised Jairus’ daughter from the dead (Mark 5:35-43), witnessing Jesus praying in Gethsemane (Matthew 26:36-41) and being one of the three disciples that witnessed Jesus’ transfiguration (Matthew 17:1). He was also the author of several gospel books.
John’s ministry focused on spreading the good news and encouraging others to believe in Jesus. His gospel writings have inspired countless people around the world to come to a saving knowledge of Jesus Christ.
John’s legacy is one of love and loyalty. He was a devoted friend to Jesus and remained faithful to Him even in the face of death. His unwavering commitment is an example for all believers today that no matter what, we must remain faithful to the Lord.
As stated earlier, the sons of thunder (James and John) were fiery and famously stated per Luke 9:54, “Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them?”
P.S. Have you watched the movie, “The Apocalypse (2000).” It details the early church, the book of Revelation, and the Apostle John. It’s free on YouTube! It’s a tear-jerker but lovely nonetheless.
5. Philip
He was originally from Bethsaida (John 1:44).
His characteristics were those of
- Practical and literal (John 6:7, John 14:8)
- Humble and Helpful
- Obedient
- Sincere
- Service
- Faithful
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being called by Jesus to follow Him (John 1:43-45), asking Jesus to show them the Father (John 14:8-9), and proclaiming belief in Jesus even when others doubted Him (John 12:20-22). His ministry primarily focused on teaching others about Christ’s message of salvation and encouraging them to accept it.
Philip’s legacy is one of humility and service. We see this when he told Jesus that some Greeks wanted to see him (see John 12:20-22). He was always willing to help others understand Jesus and encouraged them to accept the gospel wholeheartedly. His commitment to Christ serves as an example for believers today that no matter what, we must remain faithful and humble servants of the Lord.
Philip’s legacy is also one of service and obedience. He always put the desires of the Lord before his own and was willing to go wherever Jesus called him. His story highlights that we should remain obedient to God and always be willing to serve Him with sincerity.
6. Bartholomew (also known as Nathanael)
He was from Cana of Galilee.
His characteristics were those of:
- Faith
- Loyalty
- Blunt honesty
- Skeptical (John 1:46)
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being introduced to Jesus by Philip (John 1:45-51), witnessing the miracle at Cana with him (John 2:1-11), and following Him faithfully until death (Matthew 10:2-4). His ministry was largely focused on spreading the message of Jesus throughout the region and helping others understand his teachings.
Jesus also called Nathanael an “honest Israelite” (John 1:47), further solidifying his honesty characteristics.
He also made the famous statement, “Can any good thing come out of Nazareth?” John 1:46, where he expressed skepticism.
Bartholomew’s legacy is one of faithfulness and loyalty. He too was always willing to follow Jesus no matter what the cost, even when it meant risking his life. His unwavering commitment to Christ is an example for all believers today that we should remain faithful to the Lord.
7. Thomas (also known as Didymus or “Doubting Thomas”)
He was from Galilee.
His characteristics were those of:
- Doubtful
- Inquisitive (John 14:5)
- Courageous
- Faith (divine turnaround!!)
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include doubting Jesus’ resurrection until he saw him in person (John 20:24-29) and witnessing the miraculous catch of fish (John 21:2-7).
Thomas is famous for saying, “Let us also go, that we may die with Him” (John 11:16), which I believe has a pessimistic and doubtful undertone. That statement in the Swahili Bible is even more hilarious, LOL. P.S. I literally laughed when I was typing this. I guess it just further shows us how human these disciples were.
Although Thomas appears doubtful in the beginning, we see that things changed… Thomas’ legacy is now seen as one of courage and belief. He was willing to challenge the status quo and proclaim his faith in Jesus, even when it meant risking his life. Praise the Lord that the doubtful can change to have unwavering faith in the Messiah!
8. Matthew (also known as Levi)
He was a tax collector from Capernaum.
His characteristics were those of:
- Analytical and Methodical
- Devoted
- Generous
- Hospitable (Matthew 9:10)
- Obedient
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being called by Jesus to follow Him (Matthew 9:9-13), giving up everything he had to serve the Lord (Mark 2:14-17), and writing one of the four gospels’ books about Jesus’ life. His ministry was largely focused on spreading the good news about Jesus and encouraging others to accept Him as their savior.
Perhaps due to Matthew’s past as a tax collector, his analytical and methodical skills showcased really well in writing the book of Matthew.
Dr. Tom did an excellent analysis that states the following formula, “Matthew’s gospel consists of 1071 verses and 165 times or in 15% of his verses he uses the phrase formula “when a, then b” which is consistent with how an analytical style person would write.” Isn’t that amazing? After reading this blog post, check out his website for more analysis…
Matthew’s legacy exemplifies devotion and obedience. He was always willing to put aside his own desires in order to serve the Lord faithfully. His commitment to Christ is an example for believers today: we must remain obedient to the call over our lives no matter what!
His story also highlights the fact that Jesus’ love is available to all, even outcasts!
9. James the son of Alphaeus, “James the less” or “James the Younger.”
He was from Galilee.
His characteristics were those of:
- Humble
- Devoted
- Obedient
Ministry focus and legacy:
There isn’t much information per my research other than the fact that James was chosen as one of the Twelve (Acts 1:13).
However, if I was to give a few characteristics, I would say James’ legacy is one of humility and devotion. Why? He remained humble even when surrounded by greatness, and his unwavering loyalty to Jesus serves as an example for believers today that no matter what, we must remain devoted to God’s will and strive to do His bidding. We all don’t need to be in the limelight. We just need to have the heart to serve!
10. Thaddeus (Lebbaeus)
He was from Edessa.
His characteristics were those of:
- Inquisitive (John 14:22)
- Tenderhearted
- Faithfulness.
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include asking Jesus to explain why He had hidden Himself from them (John 14:22).
His famous statement is as follows, “Lord, what then has happened that You are going to disclose Yourself to us and not to the world?” John 14:22
It’s important to note that Thaddeus was also called Labbeaeus, which means tenderhearted or “heart-child, ” an endearing name that highlights his tender characteristics.
11. Simon the Zealot (Simon the Canaanite)
He was from Cana of Galilee.
His characteristics were those of:
- Dedication
- Zeal
- Passion.
A zealot, as described in the dictionary, is “a person passionately devoted to a cause,” although the term was first used by a fanatical sect that arose in Judea.
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being chosen as one of the Twelve (Mark 3:13-19) and following him faithfully until death (Acts 1:14). His ministry was largely focused on teaching others about Jesus and encouraging them to accept Him into their lives.
Simon’s legacy is one of dedication and passion. He was always willing to put aside his own desires in order to serve the Lord faithfully. His commitment to Christ reminds us that we must remain passionate in our walk with the Lord and never give up hope.
12. Judas Iscariot
He was from Kerioth.
His characteristics were those of:
- Betrayal
- Deceit
- Greed
- Dishonesty.
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being chosen as one of the Twelve (Matthew 10:1-4), betraying Jesus to the chief priests for thirty pieces of silver (Matthew 26:14-16), and ending his life after realizing what he had done (Matthew 27:3-5). His ministry was largely focused on serving in a position of leadership while secretly plotting against Jesus.
In John 17:12 KJV, we see that Judas is referred to as the “son of perdition.” Perdition means eternal damnation, possibly indicating his sad eternal fate.
Unfortunately, Judas’ legacy is one of betrayal and deceit. He demonstrates what can happen when we choose to disobey God’s will and follow our own path instead. His tragic story serves as a warning for believers today that we must remain faithful to the Lord and reject temptation at all costs.
13. Matthias
He was from Jerusalem.
His characteristics were those of:
- Loyalty
- Commitment
- Perseverance.
Ministry focus and legacy:
Notable stories include being chosen as the twelfth apostle to replace Judas (Acts 1:21-26). This means that Jesus didn’t personally appoint him as a disciple; rather, he was appointed by the casting of lots. (Acts 1:26).
Although not much is written about Matthias, from his selection…we can deduce that he was perseverant and committed.
Peter states the following qualifications when selecting a new disciple, “Therefore it is necessary to choose one of the men who have been with us the whole time the Lord Jesus was living among us, beginning from John’s baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up from us. For one of these must become a witness with us of his resurrection.” Acts 1:21-22.
So the fact that Matthias was steadfast throughout shows his commitment and perseverance! He dedicated himself fully to the Lord’s mission, which serves as an example for believers! No matter what, we must remain steadfast in our faith and be unwavering in our dedication to Christ (even when we don’t have a title yet!).
And that’s it, folks, 12 apostles and their characteristics
The lives and works of Jesus’ twelve apostles have been an inspiration for Christians around the world. It is said that they were ordinary men, but through their faith, obedience, and loyalty, Jesus made them into extraordinary followers of his word.
They are a shining example of what it means to be devoted to God and give up everything in order to serve him faithfully. Thus, even though two thousand years have passed since their time, we can still learn from their experiences and be determined in our own Christian walk.
Their lives also demonstrate an unparalleled commitment to God and serve as a powerful reminder of what it means to follow Christ truly.
May we find strength in their stories and live out our faith with the same dedication and passion.
Quick question: Which apostle do you resonate with the most?
I’ll go first…I honestly think Matthew and Matthias totally fit me. Not that I was a tax collector in my past life LOL…but I think Matthew fits me because of his analytical side, and I was honestly an outcast growing up (I was awkward & introverted, thus was picked on a lot).
Matthias is also another favorite because he was perseverant and behind the scenes until he finally became part of the 12. That’s how my ministry was for the longest time… behind the scenes!
Let me know what apostle you resonate with!
You may also like this blog post that I wrote:
This post ties super well with the 12 apostles and their characteristics:
12 Roles of The Ekklesia: What It Is and Why It Matters!
Hugs,
